A New Political Science Theory

Techno-
Realism

Technology is not merely a tool for power - it is a means of power itself. A theory derived from political realism, navigating the complex intersections of technology and politics.

Author Isti Marta Sukma
Published Security & Defence Quarterly, 2024
Affiliation University of Warsaw
Featured TEDx University of Warsaw 2025
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Core Thesis

Techno-realism introduces a new theoretical framework derived from political realism, placing technology at the core of power analysis. It examines how the innate human drive for survival shapes identity formation in an era where sovereignty and authority extend into digital and technological realms.

Three Core Concepts
01

Identity Establishment

Technology and the survival instinct embedded in human nature fundamentally shape how political, social, and digital identities are formed and expressed. Social media platforms and digital ecosystems reinforce and transform identities across diverse political groups.

02

Technology as Power

Technology is not just an instrument wielded by those in power - it has become the central source of power itself. From surveillance systems and cyber measures to AI and quantum computing, technological capability defines modern political authority.

03

Non-State Actors

Big Tech companies, NGOs, hacker groups, and transnational activist networks shape data governance, influence political processes, and challenge traditional notions of sovereignty - demanding recognition beyond state-centric analysis.

Genealogy of Political Realism
Thucydides
5th c. BCE
Machiavelli
16th c.
Hobbes
17th c.
Morgenthau
1948
Waltz
1979
Mearsheimer
2001
Rose
1998
Sukma
2024
Applied Case Studies
Surveillance

Xinjiang Cyber Measures

Examining how cyberpolitics and surveillance technologies are deployed to exert state control, reshape identities, and manage populations within the Xinjiang region - illustrating technology as a direct instrument of political power.

Elections

Indonesia 2024 Elections

Analyzing how technology shaped political power struggles during Indonesia's 2024 elections, including social media manipulation and the use of information and electronic transaction law to control freedom of speech.

Geopolitics

Indo-Pacific Digital Authoritarianism

Exploring regional power dynamics in the Indo-Pacific as states and non-state actors confront the spread of digital authoritarianism, and how technological dominance reshapes geopolitical relationships.

About the Author

Isti Marta Sukma

M.A. - Doctoral Researcher

An Indonesian writer and interdisciplinary researcher specializing in politics, defense, and technology, with a focus on cyber and technological warfare in the Indo-Pacific region.

Her research spans national interests, global power theories, counter-terrorism, civil-military integration, cybersecurity, AI, quantum technologies, surveillance systems, maritime security, and political ideology.

Current Position
PhD Student - Political Science & Public Administration
Institution
University of Warsaw, Faculty of Political Science & International Studies
Research Focus
Tech Policy, Cybersecurity, Digital Governance, Indo-Pacific Geopolitics
Publication
Security and Defence Quarterly, Vol. 46(2), pp. 24-46, 2024
Speaking
TEDx University of Warsaw 2025
Read the Research

Navigating New Challenges in the
Contemporary Role of Technology in Politics

Published in Security and Defence Quarterly - Open Access (CC BY)

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